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FTA Drug & Alcohol Testing Legal Interpretations, 1994–2002

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Random drug testing and alcohol testing guidance

May 26, 2002 · Mr. Jim La Sala, International President, Amalgamated Transit Union

Alcohol Testing · Drug Testing · Random Testing

Clarification of what constitutes a "testing site" under the drug and alcohol testing regulations

May 15, 2002 · Mr. Jim La Sala, Office of the International President, Amalgamated Transit Union

Collection Site Procedures · Problematic Collections

Is there a violation of the FTA drug and alcohol regulation for WMATA to remove escalator and elevator mechanics from a list of employees who perform a safety-sensitive function?

Nov 9, 2001 · Martin P. Hogan, Esq., Gromfine and Taylor, P.C., 1727 King Street, Suite 210

Safety-sensitive functions

Contractors that rebuild and overhaul for grantee subject to FTA's testing rules

Apr 14, 2000 · Ms. Andrea Ravas, Acting Associate General Counsel, San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Grantee maintenance subcontractors not subject to FTA's drug and alcohol testing rules

Apr 14, 2000 · Mr. Tom Campbell, 5516 Colfax Avenue South, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55419

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

49 CFR 40.25(f)(4); religious accommodation

Dec 7, 1999 · Mr. Ronald T. Jones, Chief, Human Resources, Metro-Dade Transit Agency

Collection Site Procedures · Problematic Collections

49 CFR 653.25 and 654.71; policy statements; required content; justification for content

Nov 24, 1999 · Mr. Jim Gilbert, Administrator, Public Transportation Section, Planning & Research Division

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Policy

Applicability of FTA drug and alcohol regulations

Nov 9, 1999 · Ms. Freya M. Toledo Feria, Assistant Secretary for Planning, Highway and Transportation Authority

Applicability/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Fatal flaw; harmless error

Oct 6, 1999 · Mr. Joseph E. O’Donnell, Reden & O’Donnell, LLP, 135 Delaware Avenue, Suite 505

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Positive/Non-Negative Results · Random Testing

Exchange parts; safety-sensitive classification

Aug 23, 1999 · Mr. Harry Saporta, Manager, System Safety Programs, Tri-County Metropolitan Transportation

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Drug Free Workplace Act

Aug 20, 1999 · Mr. Marco Gomez, Office of the General Counsel, San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District

Applicability/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Safety-sensitive classification

Aug 9, 1999 · Mr. Cary Morgen, Manager, Human Resources Policy and Programs, Chicago Transit Authority

Safety-sensitive functions

Employer's obligation to provide terminated employee with list naming recovery resources; return-to-duty and follow-up testing

Jul 12, 1999 · Ms. Kari K. Blackburn, 4937 San Jacinto Circle East, Fallbrook, California 92028

Alcohol Testing · DER/Employer Responsibilities · Return-To-Duty & Follow-Up Testing

Applicability of testing to local businesses servicing taxicabs

Jun 17, 1999 · Mr. Harry Saporta, Manager, System Safety Programs, Tri-County Metropolitan Transportation

Contractor Oversight (Taxi Specific) · Safety-sensitive functions

Testing requirements for an employee performing safety-sensitive function(s) for two or more companies

May 5, 1999 · Mr. Dwight D. Newell, Ohio Health Consortium, Inc., 620 Country Club Drive

Contractor Oversight (Taxi Specific) · Pre-Employment Testing · Safety-sensitive functions

Classification of employee as safety-sensitive

Mar 25, 1999 · Mr. Thomas J. Cassano, Director, Subcontracting Disputes, Transport Workers Union, Local 100

Safety-sensitive functions

Substance abuse professional (SAP) determines length of follow-up testing

Mar 1, 1999 · Mr. Cary Morgen, Manager of Human Resources Policy and Programs, Chicago Transit Authority

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Return-To-Duty & Follow-Up Testing

Regular, though infrequent, maintenance contractors subject to rules; written contract between grantee and contractor not required for rules to apply

Feb 8, 1999 · Mr. John Nardini, Resident Transit Manager, St. Joseph Transit

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Continued applicability of drug and alcohol regulations in light of TEA-21's discontinuance of operating assistance to larger grantees

Feb 5, 1999 · Ms. Robin M. Reitzes, Deputy City Attorney, City of San Francisco

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Role of Substance Abuse Professional (SAP); SAP contact with employee's spouse

Nov 16, 1998 · Mr. Ron Thornton, President, Amalgamated Transit Union 758, 10828 Gravelly Lake Drive SW, Suite #202

Vendors/Service Agents

End of shift testing; testing an employee who is off duty; post-shift testing

Nov 16, 1998 · Mr. Robert Hildebrand, 13570 S.E. 120th Way, Clackamus, Oregon 97015

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Random Testing

End of shift testing; collective bargaining agreements

Nov 16, 1998 · Ms. Susan L. Stoner, General Counsel, Amalgamated Transit Union, Division 757

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Random Testing

Testing employees who work other than normal administrative hours

Nov 4, 1998 · Mr. Gerald W. Mauney, Intelitran, 4161 Carmichael Avenue, Suite 111

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Random Testing · Safety-sensitive functions

Taxi cab service

Sep 30, 1998 · Mr. Kenneth C. Scheidig, General Counsel, AC Transit, 1600 Franklin Street

Contractor Oversight (Taxi Specific)

Taxi cab service

Sep 24, 1998 · Mr. Bill Jensen, CALTRANS, Mass Transportation Program

Contractor Oversight (Taxi Specific) · MIS

Test results - confidentiality; prohibition against routine release to unauthorized parties

Aug 11, 1998 · Mr. Johnny E. Jackson, 600 Seventh Avenue, #308, Seattle, Washington 98104

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Positive/Non-Negative Results · Records Maintenance

Subrecipients - permissible to manage contractor's drug and alcohol testing program; test results; responsibility to ensure compliance

Jul 9, 1998 · Mr. Robert L. Anderberg, Director, Office of Local Systems, Iowa Department of Transportation

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight (Taxi Specific) · MIS

Parties which may routinely receive employee's test results

Jul 7, 1998 · Ms. Pat Moore, Administrator, Office of Public Transportation, Ohio Department of Transportation

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Records Maintenance

Random drug testing - draw numbers assigned to employees, not positions; follow-up testing not subject to negotiations; SAP, not employer, determines length of follow-up testing

May 14, 1998 · Ms. Diane M. Ruszala, Assistant Manager, Human Resources, Niagara Frontier Transportation Authority

Random Testing · Return-To-Duty & Follow-Up Testing · Safety-sensitive functions

Random drug testing - "unpredictability" requirement; testing selected employees with draw period; mandatory compliance with rule

May 13, 1998 · Ms. Lori Casper, Human Resources Analyst, 3231 Torrance Boulevard

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Random Testing

Random drug testing - unpredictability requirement; no provision to delay testing once selection has been made; collective bargaining agreement cannot conflict with implementation of FTA testing rule

May 13, 1998 · Mr. Harry Saporta, Manager, System Safety Programs, Tri-County Metropolitan Transportation

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Random Testing

Confidentiality - rules protect test results, not fact of taking test; audits; grounds for reasonable suspicion testing

Mar 20, 1998 · Mr. Dennis M. Collins, 311 Glynlea Road, Jacksonville, Florida 32216

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Education and Training · Reasonable Suspicion Testing

Pre-employment testing for employee working for more than one employer

Feb 3, 1998 · Mr. Larry P. Wills, Director of Operations, Ohio Health Consortium, Inc.

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Pre-Employment Testing

Maintenance subcontractors

Jan 12, 1998 · Mr. Robert E. Prangley, Prangley & Company, 745 Crevelings Lane

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Classification of employee as safety-sensitive

Dec 4, 1997 · Mr. Dan W. Bailey, Employee Relations Manager, Sacramento Regional Transit District

Applicability/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Safety-sensitive - defintion and classification of employee

Nov 11, 1997 · Mr. Gordon Ziebart, 3988 S. Camrose Avenue, New Berlin, Wisconsin 53151

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Applicability of regulations to municipal police officers incidentally covering transit area

Sep 10, 1997 · Ms. Sharon G. Sanders, Deputy County Counsel, County of Los Angeles

Safety-sensitive functions

Random testing - selection process

Sep 10, 1997 · Mr. David J. Lofgren, Transportation Director, Greater Roanoke Transit Company

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Random Testing

Taxi cab service; contracted bus service

Jun 11, 1997 · Ms. Carole A. Pinkett, Deputy General Manager, Human Resources, Metropolitan Transit Authority

Contractor Oversight (Taxi Specific) · Contractor Oversight/Coverage

Medical Review Officer (MRO) - responsibilities

Jun 10, 1997 · Joyce Hiebler, R.N., Clinical Manager, Mercy Medical Center, 301 St. Paul Place

Positive/Non-Negative Results · Records Maintenance · Vendors/Service Agents

49 CFR 653.37; referral/evaluation/termination

Apr 23, 1997 · Robert D. Falsetti, Esq., Office of the General Counsel, Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Positive/Non-Negative Results

Substance Abuse Professional (SAP) - responsibilities; effect of arbitration on rules; date that Follow-up testing begins

Apr 1, 1997 · Ms. Leila S. Procopio-Makuh, Human Resources Manager, Special Programs, Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Positive/Non-Negative Results · Return-To-Duty & Follow-Up Testing

Testing of safety-sensitive employees, including contractors, under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Mar 26, 1997 · Mr. John Goldstein, President, Amalgamated Transit Union, Local 998, 734 North 26th Street

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Random testing - pools and rates

Oct 3, 1996 · Ms. Arlene S. Doern, Personnel and Risk Manager, C-TRAN

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Random Testing

Municipal police officers acting as transit security

Sep 25, 1996 · Ms. Carol Babington, AC Transit, Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Applicability of regulations to rural recipients

Sep 25, 1996 · Ms. Cindy E. Fish, Senior Grant Coordinator, West Virginia Department of Transportation

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage

Incidental overlap; "pass through" State funding

Sep 25, 1996 · Ms. Linda Finch, Director, Volunteer Wheels

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage

Drug specimen collection procedures; shy bladder; medical evaluation

Sep 25, 1996 · Mr. Jack T. Frohlich, Esquire, Transport Workers Union, 80 West End Avenue

Problematic Collections · Shy Bladder · Vendors/Service Agents

Applicability; projects funded only with State funds

Sep 25, 1996 · Ms. Kathy Dannenhold, Transportation Manager, Office of Public Transportation

Applicability/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

FHWA/FTA jurisdiction; post-accident testing

Sep 25, 1996 · Ms. Linda C. Wilbanks, Kern Regional Transit, Transportation Management Department

Applicability/Coverage · Post-Accident Testing · Reasonable Suspicion Testing

Safety-sensitive function; municipal police officers

Sep 16, 1996 · Sergeant Mark Sakauye, Sacramento Police Department, Sacramento, California 95815

Safety-sensitive functions

Drug and Alcohol Testing under the Omnibus Transportation Employee Testing Act of 1991 (OTETA)

Sep 16, 1996 · Mr. Philip A. Maurer, Chief, Employment and Labor Law Division, The Port Authority of New York

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage

FTA/FHWA jurisdiction; revenue service vehicle

Sep 16, 1996 · Ms. Susan L. Gross, Assistant County Counsel, Atlantic County

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage

Random drug testing; sporadic performance of a safety-sensitive function

Sep 16, 1996 · Ms. Michelle Drahota, STA United, Inc., P.O. Box 82089

Random Testing · Safety-sensitive functions

Flexible funding; 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Jul 1, 1996 · Mr. Kip Grimes, Michigan Department of Transportation, Transportation Building

Applicability/Coverage

Safety-sensitive function under 49 CFR 653 and 654

Jun 24, 1996 · Mr. Gerald Slater, Day, Berry & Howard, 260 Franklin Street

Pre-Employment Testing · Safety-sensitive functions

Combining the random selection process under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Jun 21, 1996 · Mr. Gerald Slater, Day, Berry & Howard, 260 Franklin Street

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Pre-Employment Testing

Random drug and alcohol testing under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Apr 10, 1996 · Richard A. Press, MD, FACOEM, Medical Director, Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority

Alcohol Testing · Drug Testing · Random Testing

Random Testing Notification under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Apr 8, 1996 · Mr. Lloyd H. Shands, Jr., Montgomery Transportation, Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority

Alcohol Testing · Drug Testing · Random Testing

Confidentiality of test results under 49 CFR 653 and 654

Mar 7, 1996 · Mr. David Kempner, Pear, Sperling, Eggan & Muskovitz, P.C., Domino's Farms

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Positive/Non-Negative Results · Records Maintenance

Van pool drivers

Feb 28, 1996 · Mr. Gary Watson, Rideshare Coordinator, 6754 Broad Street

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Volunteer - definition; previous negative drug test results history in lieu of pre-employment testing

Feb 21, 1996 · Mr. Pat Testa, Werner Drug Testing Services, Bismarck, ND

Pre-Employment Testing · Safety-sensitive functions

Continuing federal interest; coverage of subcontractors; safety-sensitive functions

Dec 21, 1995 · Mr. Andy Henry, Guilford County, Planning and Development Department

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Grantee oversight & contractor complaince; FTA/FHWA dual jurisdiction; reasonable suspicion, post-accident, Return to Duty/Follow-up testing; random testing pools; reporting; random testing rates

Dec 21, 1995 · Sandra Tristano, Esq., General Counsel, Pace

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Random Testing

Safety-sensitive employees; reasonable suspicion determinations; supervisors under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654.

Dec 8, 1995 · Ms. Phyllis M. Nabonne, Director of Human Resources, Transit Management of Southeast Louisiana

Education and Training · Reasonable Suspicion Testing · Safety-sensitive functions

Post-accident testing; removal of vehicle from revenue service

Dec 6, 1995 · Ms. Victoria Chin, Leonard, Nathan, Zuckerman, Ross, Chin & Remar, 1330 Broadway, Suite 1450

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Post-Accident Testing

Post-accident testing; citation under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Dec 6, 1995 · De Witt W. Clinton, County Counsel, County of Los Angeles

DER/Employer Responsibilities · Education and Training · Post-Accident Testing

Urine collection procedures under 49 CFR Part 40

Oct 26, 1995 · Mr. Gerald A. LeClaire, Chief Labor Relations Officer, Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority

Collection Site Procedures · Problematic Collections · Shy Bladder

Board resolutions under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Aug 23, 1995 · Mr. Fernando Lievano, Ryder System, Inc., 3600 NW 82 Avenue

Applicability/Coverage · Policy

Follow-up testing under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Jun 14, 1995 · Mr. David Kempner, Pear, Sperling, Eggan & Muskovitz, P.C., Domino's Farms

Positive/Non-Negative Results · Return-To-Duty & Follow-Up Testing · Vendors/Service Agents

Random pools under 49 CFR Parts 382, 653, and 654

May 6, 1995 · Mr. Charles A. Webb, General Counsel, American Bus Association

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Random Testing

Taxicab service under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654.

May 6, 1995 · Mr. Eric Marx, Potomac and Rappahannock Transportation Commission, 1549 Old Bridge Road

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight (Taxi Specific)

Definition of safety-sensitive under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

May 5, 1995 · Mr. David L. Gomez, Suburban Mobility Authority for Regional Transportation, 2021 Barrett Street

Safety-sensitive functions

Contractors, ongoing relationship, routine maintenance under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654.

Mar 15, 1995 · Ms. Alphonetta Wines, Fort Worth Transportation Authority, P.O. Box 1477

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Coverage of volunteers under FTA drug and alcohol testing regulations

Mar 1, 1995 · Ms. Bonnie Wright, Executive Director, American Red Cross - Central Arizona Chapter

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Volunteers under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Feb 23, 1995 · Mr. David Raphael, Executive Director, Community Transportation Association of America

Safety-sensitive functions

Condition of Post-Accident Testing and Training Requirements Under FTA Drug and Alcohol Testing Regulations

Feb 15, 1995 · Robert D. Falsetti, Esq., Office of the General Counsel, Almada-Contra-Costa Transit District

Applicability/Coverage · Education and Training · Post-Accident Testing

Identification of safety-sensitive contract employees under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Jan 5, 1995 · Ms. Arlene S. Doren, Personnel and Risk Manager, C-TRAN

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Taxicab service; contract service under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654.

Jan 3, 1995 · Mr. David E. Kempner, Esquire, Pear, Sperling, Eggan & Muskovitz, P.C., Domino's Farms

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight (Taxi Specific) · Safety-sensitive functions

CDL holders; large and small employers under 49 CFR Parts, 382, 653,and 654

Dec 19, 1994 · Mr. Peter J. Varga, 923 Witham Drive, North Muskegon, Michigan 49445

Applicability/Coverage

Extent of regulations; applicability to non-FTA funded programs; incidental overlap; volunteers

Dec 13, 1994 · Ms. Jane Yeager, Transportation Services Director, Seniors' Resource Center

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Classification of employees as safety-sensitive

Dec 12, 1994 · Mr. Lawrence G. Reuter, General Manager, Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority

Safety-sensitive functions

Pass through funding; incidental overlap under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654.

Dec 12, 1994 · Mr. Frank DeRose, Jr., State of Michigan, Department of Transportation

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage

Dispatchers, contract mechanics for paratransit service under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Dec 12, 1994 · Ms. Nancy L. Senn, Department of Public Works, Milwaukee County

Contractor Oversight (Taxi Specific) · Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Safety-sensitive function; overhaul contractors; bus manufacturers under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654.

Dec 6, 1994 · Mr. Elton W. Gogolin, Jr., MARTA, 2424 Piedmont Road, N.E.

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Multi-modal use of consortium

Dec 6, 1994 · Mr. Patrick J. Weidemann, Planner, Bi-State Regional Commission

Applicability/Coverage · Random Testing

Confidentiality of test results; consortium; third party administrators

Nov 30, 1994 · Ms. Amy L. Edgar, Michigan Department of Transportation, Transportation Building

Applicability/Coverage · Records Maintenance

Police officers under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Nov 23, 1994 · Ms. Sylvia Crespo-Tabak, Metro-Dade Transit Agency, Metro-Dade Center

Safety-sensitive functions

Volunteers under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Nov 2, 1994 · Mr. Karl M. Johanson, Council on Aging & Human Services, P.O. Box 107, South 210 Main

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Maintenance contractors, subcontractors, maintenance-of-way under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Nov 2, 1994 · Mr. Eugene Freidus, Executive Assistant General Counsel, New York City Transit Authority

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Recipient's implementation date for split sample procedure under 49 CFR Part 40

Nov 2, 1994 · Jodi J. Woodruff, Esquire, Metro, 1014 Vine Street, Suite 2000

Vendors/Service Agents

Taxicab service; contract service; incidental overlap; continuing Federal interest under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Nov 2, 1994 · Ms. Louise H. Renne, City Attorney, City and County of San Francisco

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight (Taxi Specific) · Contractor Oversight/Coverage

Application of drug and alcohol testing regulations to volunteer van pool drivers

Sep 29, 1994 · Ms. Pat Reid, Finance Administrator, Winston-Salem Transit Authority

Applicability/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Incidental overlap under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654.

Sep 22, 1994 · Mr. Chuck Ferguson, Assistant Director, Johnson County Transportation Department

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage

Volunteer van pool drivers under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Aug 25, 1994 · Mr. Joseph DiJohn, Executive Director, Pace

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Volunteer van pool drivers under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Aug 19, 1994 · Mr. Paul Toliver, Director of Transit, Metro

Applicability/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Application of continuing Federal interest Under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654; effective date

Jun 13, 1994 · Robert D. Elder, Director, Ports and Marine, Maine Department of Transportation

Applicability/Coverage

Coverage of volunteers under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Apr 29, 1994 · Ms. Tracy Perez, Executive Director, Maine Transit Association

Contractor Oversight/Coverage · Safety-sensitive functions

Definition of small operator under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Apr 28, 1994 · Mr. Mark J. Dorfman, Assistant General Manager, Santa Cruz Metropolitan Transit District

Applicability/Coverage · Contractor Oversight/Coverage

Definition of large operator under 49 CFR Parts 653 and 654

Apr 13, 1994 · Mr. David Feinberg, Assistant General Manager, City of Arcadia

Contractor Oversight/Coverage

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